{"id":1851,"date":"2020-02-23T13:09:14","date_gmt":"2020-02-23T03:09:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dying-and-death-reflections.com\/?page_id=1851"},"modified":"2020-02-23T13:44:45","modified_gmt":"2020-02-23T03:44:45","slug":"mind-training","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dying-and-death-reflections.com\/index.php\/mind-training\/","title":{"rendered":"Mind Training"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Given that the suffering of beings is mainly produced by the mind, to learn how to free oneself from one’s self-created bonds is of paramount importance. This is where Tibetan Buddhism offers great assistance through its mind training, or lojong<\/em>, tradition. This is described as follows. . . .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lojong<\/em> is a mind training<\/em> practice in the Tibetan Buddhist tradition based on a set of aphorisms formulated in Tibet in the 12th century by Chekawa Yeshe Dorje. The practice involves refining and purifying one\u2019s motivations and attitudes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The slogans that form the root text of the mind training practice are designed as a set of antidotes to undesired mental habits that cause suffering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

They contain both methods to expand one\u2019s viewpoint towards absolute bodhicitta<\/em>, such as \u201cFind the consciousness you had before you were born\u201d and \u201cTreat everything you perceive as a dream\u201d, and methods for relating to the world in a more conventional way with relative bodhicitta<\/em>, such as \u201cBe grateful to everyone\u201d and \u201cWhen everything goes wrong, treat disaster as a way to wake up.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prominent teachers who have taught this practice in the West include Pema Ch\u00f6dr\u00f6n, Ken McLeod, Alan Wallace, Ch\u00f6gyamTrungpa, Sogyal Rinpoche, Kelsang Gyatso, Norman Fischer, and the 14th Dalai Lama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

History of the Practice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Lojong<\/em> mind training practice was developed over a 300-year period between 900 and 1200 CE, as part of the Mah\u0101y\u0101na school of Buddhism. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ati\u015ba\u00a0(982\u20131054 CE), a Bengali meditation master, is generally regarded as the originator of the practice. It is described in his book\u00a0Lamp on the Path to Enlightenment<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The practice is based upon his studies with the Sumatran teacher, Dharmak\u012brti\u015br\u012b (Tib. Serlingpa<\/em>), and the Indian teacher Dharmaraksita, a prominent teacher at Odantapuri and author of a text called the Wheel of Sharp Weapons<\/em>. Both these texts are well known in Tibetan translation. Ati\u015ba\u2019s third major teacher of lojong<\/em> is said to have been the junior Kusal\u012b, known also as Maitr\u012byogi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ati\u015ba journeyed to Sumatra and studied with Dharmak\u012brti\u015br\u012b for twelve years. He then returned to teach in India, but at an advanced age accepted an invitation to teach in Tibet, where he stayed for the rest of his life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A story is told that Ati\u015ba heard that the inhabitants of Tibet were very pleasant and easy to get along with. Instead of being delighted, he was concerned that he would not have enough negative emotion to work with in his mind training practice. So he brought along his ill-tempered Bengali servant-boy, who would criticize him incessantly and was challenging to spend time with. Tibetan teachers then like to joke that when Ati\u015ba arrived in Tibet, he realized there was no need after all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The aphorisms on mind training in their present form were composed by Chekawa Yeshe Dorje (1101\u20131175 CE). According to one account, Chekhawa saw a text on his cell-mate\u2019s bed, open to the phrase: \u201cGain and victory to others, loss and defeat to oneself\u201d. The phrase struck him and he sought out the author Langri Tangpa (1054\u20131123). Finding that Langri Tangpa had died, he studied instead with one of Langri Tangpa\u2019s students, Sharawa Y\u00f6nten Drak, for twelve years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chekhawa is claimed to have cured leprosy with mind training. In one account, he went to live with a colony of lepers and did the practice with them. Over time many of them were healed, more lepers came, and eventually people without leprosy also took an interest in the practice. Another popular story about Chekhawa and mind training concerns his brother and how it transformed him into a much kinder person.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Root Text<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The original Lojong<\/em> practice consists of 59 slogans, or aphorisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These slogans are further organized into seven groupings, called the \u201cSeven Points of Lojong\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The categorized slogans are listed below, translated by the Nalanda Translation Committee under the direction of Ch\u00f6gyam Trungpa. The following is translated from ancient Sanskrit and Tibetan texts and may vary slightly from other translations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Point One: The Preliminaries, Which Are the Basis for Dharma Practice<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 1. First, train in the preliminaries; The Four reminders, or alternatively called the Four Thoughts<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Maintain an awareness of the preciousness of human life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Be aware of the reality that life ends; death comes for everyone; impermanence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Recall that whatever you do, whether virtuous or not, has a result; karma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Contemplate that as long as you are too focused on self-importance and too caught up in thinking about how you are good or bad, you will experience suffering. Obsessing about getting what you want and avoiding what you don\u2019t want does not result in happiness; ego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Point Two: The Main Practice, Which Is Training in <\/strong>Bodhicitta<\/em>.<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Absolute Bodhicitta<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 2. Regard all dharmas as dreams; although experiences may seem solid, they are passing memories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 3. Examine the nature of unborn awareness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 4. Self-liberate even the antidote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 5. Rest in the nature of alaya<\/em>, the essence, the present moment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 6. In post-meditation, be a child of illusion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Relative Bodhicitta<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 7. Sending and taking should be practiced alternately. These two should ride the breath (aka. practice Tonglen<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 8. Three objects, three poisons, three roots of virtue \u2013 the three objects are friends, enemies and neutrals. The three poisons are craving, aversion and indifference. The three roots of virtue are the remedies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 9. In all activities, train with slogans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 10. Begin the sequence of sending and taking with yourself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Point Three: Transformation of Bad Circumstances into the Way of Enlightenment<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 11. When the world is filled with evil, transform all mishaps into the path of bodhi<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 12. Drive all blames into one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 13. Be grateful to everyone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 14. Seeing confusion as the four kayas is unsurpassable shunyata<\/em> protection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The kayas are Dharmakaya<\/em>, sambhogakaya<\/em>, nirmanakaya<\/em>, svabhavikakaya<\/em>. Thoughts have no birthplace, thoughts are unceasing, thoughts are not solid, and these three characteristics are interconnected. Shunyata<\/em> can be described as \u201ccomplete openness.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 15. Four practices are the best of methods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The four practices are: accumulating merit, laying down evil deeds, offering to the dons<\/em>, and offering to the dharmapalas.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 16. Whatever you meet unexpectedly, join with meditation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Point Four: Showing the Utilization of Practice in One\u2019s Whole Life<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 17. Practice the five strengths, the condensed heart instructions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The five strengths are: strong determination, familiarization, the positive seed, reproach, and aspiration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 18. The Mahayana instruction for ejection of consciousness at death is the five strengths: how you conduct yourself is important. When you are dying practice the five strengths.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Point Five: Evaluation of Mind Training<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 19. All dharma agrees at one point \u2013 all Buddhist teachings are about lessening the ego, lessening one\u2019s self-absorption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 20. Of the two witnesses, hold the principal one \u2013 you know yourself better than anyone else knows you<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 21. Always maintain only a joyful mind.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 22. If you can practice even when distracted, you are well trained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Point Six: Disciplines of Mind Training<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 23. Always abide by the three basic principles \u2013 dedication to your practice, refraining from outrageous conduct, developing patience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 24. Change your attitude, but remain natural \u2013 reduce ego clinging, but be yourself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 25. Don\u2019t talk about injured limbs \u2013 don\u2019t take pleasure contemplating others\u2019 defects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 26. Don\u2019t ponder others \u2013 don\u2019t take pleasure contemplating others\u2019 weaknesses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 27. Work with the greatest defilements first \u2013 work with your greatest obstacles first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 28. Abandon any hope of fruition \u2013 don\u2019t get caught up in how you will be in the future, stay in the present moment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 29. Abandon poisonous food.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 30. Don\u2019t be so predictable \u2013 don\u2019t hold grudges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 31. Don\u2019t malign others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 32. Don\u2019t wait in ambush \u2013 don\u2019t wait for others\u2019 weaknesses to show to attack them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 33. Don\u2019t bring things to a painful point \u2013 don\u2019t humiliate others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 34. Don\u2019t transfer the ox\u2019s load to the cow \u2013 take responsibility for yourself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 35. Don\u2019t try to be the fastest \u2013 don\u2019t compete with others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 36. Don\u2019t act with a twist \u2013 do good deeds without scheming about benefiting yourself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 37. Don\u2019t turn gods into demons \u2013 don\u2019t use these slogans or your spirituality to increase your self-absorption<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 38. Don\u2019t seek others\u2019 pain as the limbs of your own happiness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Point Seven: Guidelines of Mind Training<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 39. All activities should be done with one intention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 40. Correct all wrongs with one intention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 41. Two activities: one at the beginning, one at the end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 42. Whichever of the two occurs, be patient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 43. Observe these two, even at the risk of your life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 44. Train in the three difficulties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 45. Take on the three principal causes: the teacher, the dharma, the sangha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 46. Pay heed that the three never wane: gratitude towards one\u2019s teacher, appreciation of the dharma (teachings) and correct conduct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 47. Keep the three inseparable: body, speech, and mind.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 48. Train without bias in all areas. It is crucial always to do this pervasively and wholeheartedly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 49. Always meditate on whatever provokes resentment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 50. Don\u2019t be swayed by external circumstances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 51. This time, practice the main points: others before self, dharma, and awakening compassion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 52. Don\u2019t misinterpret.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The six things that may be misinterpreted are patience, yearning, excitement, compassion, priorities and joy. You\u2019re patient when you\u2019re getting your way, but not when it\u2019s difficult. You yearn for worldly things, instead of an open heart and mind. You get excited about wealth and entertainment, instead of your potential for enlightenment. You have compassion for those you like, but none for those you don\u2019t. Worldly gain is your priority rather than cultivating loving-kindness and compassion. You feel joy when your enemies suffer, and do not rejoice in others\u2019 good fortune.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 53. Don\u2019t vacillate (in your practice of Lojong<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 54. Train wholeheartedly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 55. Liberate yourself by examining and analyzing: Know your own mind with honesty and fearlessness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 56. Don\u2019t wallow in self-pity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 57. Don\u2019t be jealous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 58. Don\u2019t be frivolous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slogan 59. Don\u2019t expect applause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Commentaries<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

One seminal commentary on the mind training practice was written by Jamgon Kongtrul (one of the main founders of the non-sectarian Rime movement of Tibetan Buddhism) in the 19th century. This commentary was translated by Ken McLeod, initially as A Direct Path to Enlightenment<\/em>. This translation served as the root text for Osho\u2019s Book of Wisdom<\/em>. Later, after some consultation with Ch\u00f6gyam Trungpa, Ken McLeod retranslated the work as The Great Path of Awakening<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Two commentaries to the root texts of mind training have been written by Kelsang Gyatso (founder of the New Kadampa Tradition) and form the basis of study programs at NKT Buddhist Centers throughout the world. The first, Universal Compassion<\/em> is a commentary to the root text Training the Mind in Seven Points<\/em> by Chekawa Yeshe Dorje. The second, Eight Steps to Happiness<\/em> is a commentary to the root text, Eight Verses of Training the Mind<\/em> by Langri Tangpa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2006, Wisdom Publications published the work Mind Training: The Great Collection<\/em> (Theg-pa chen-po blo-sbyong rgya-rtsa<\/em>), translated by Thupten Jinpa. This is a translation of a traditional Tibetan compilation, dating from the fifteenth century, which contains altogether forty-three texts related to the practice of mind training. Among these texts are several different versions of the root verses, along with important early commentaries by Se Chilbu, Sangye Gompa, Konchok Gyaltsen, and others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2012, Shambhala Publications published Training in Compassion: Zen teachings on the Practice of Lojong<\/em> by Zoketsu Norman Fischer which teaches ways to incorporate Lojong<\/em> practices into Zen. Fischer felt that \u201cthe plain-speaking tradition of Zen might lend something to the power of the text\u201d and that \u201calthough Zen is a Mahayana school (and therefore based on compassion teachings), it is nevertheless deficient in explicit teachings on compassion\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2016, Shambhala Publications published The Intelligent Heart: A Guide to the Compassionate Life<\/em> by Dzigar Kongtrul Rinpoche, with foreword by Pema Chodron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Source: Taken and adapted from https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lojong<\/a><\/p>\n\"Facebook\"<\/a>\"twitter\"<\/a>\"reddit\"<\/a>\"pinterest\"<\/a>\"linkedin\"<\/a>\"mail\"<\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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